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    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Rea Press</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">null</journal-id>
      <journal-title>Rea Press</journal-title><issn pub-type="ppub">3115-932X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3115-932X</issn><publisher>
      	<publisher-name>Rea Press</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">https://doi.org/10.48314/anowa.v2i2.56</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Research Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group><subject>Inventory, Economic order quantity, Partial trade credit, Installment</subject></subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>An Installment Purchase System and Its Comparison in a Deteriorating Economic Order Quantity Model</article-title><subtitle>An Installment Purchase System and Its Comparison in a Deteriorating Economic Order Quantity Model</subtitle></title-group>
      <contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author">
	<name name-style="western">
	<surname>Karmakar</surname>
		<given-names>Snigdha </given-names>
	</name>
	<aff>Department of Mathematics, Bhangar Mahavidyalaya, India.</aff>
	</contrib></contrib-group>		
      <pub-date pub-type="ppub">
        <month>09</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>05</day>
        <month>09</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>2</volume>
      <issue>3</issue>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>© 2026 Rea Press</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/"><p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</p></license>
      </permissions>
      <related-article related-article-type="companion" vol="2" page="e235" id="RA1" ext-link-type="pmc">
			<article-title>An Installment Purchase System and Its Comparison in a Deteriorating Economic Order Quantity Model</article-title>
      </related-article>
	  <abstract abstract-type="toc">
		<p>
			In this paper, we have proposed an EOQ model under two-level trade credit with installments specially the equal monthly investment (EMI) policies. Installment is a financing arrangement that increases the sales for the business manager and it is very much beneficial for the consumer, specially for the higher value product. Here, the supplier offers a partial credit period M and the retailer offers a permissible delay period N to its customers. The customer pays a fraction α of the amount at the time of purchasing the product and rest (1 − α) by R1 installments within the time N. This study investigates the cases and subcases in details under the conditions N ≤ M and N ≥ M respectively and generalizes some of the literatures such as Soni and Joshi (2013), Mahata and Mahata (2011), Teng (2009) etc when the number of installment is one. We have developed a profit maximization problem on retailer’s inventory model for different cases and subcases. Also, we have shown that the average profit maximizes with installment purchase system than delay-in-payment system and increases with more down payment. Finally, numerical illustrations and its comparative study with the existing methods are performed to justify the novelty of the proposed approach.
		</p>
		</abstract>
    </article-meta>
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